在高考和中考中，語法填空題都是必然會出現(xiàn)的題型之一，也是英語考試中的難點(diǎn)之一。語法填空題主要考察的是學(xué)生三個(gè)方面的能力：

1、閱讀/理解文章的能力;

2、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力;

3、熟練運(yùn)用語法的能力。

而在語法填空題中，主要會包含以下幾個(gè)考點(diǎn)：

(1)無提示的純填空題：這種類型的題目主要考冠詞、介詞、代詞和連詞 等四類詞?；静粫筇顚憚釉~或者名詞等。

(2)用括號中所給詞填空：這種類型的題目主要考動詞、名詞、形容詞和副詞的比較級、最高級、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換等。

考點(diǎn)一：冠詞

考查語法點(diǎn):

定冠詞、不定冠詞的用法

解題技巧：

下列情況很可能填不定冠詞 ：

(1)________+可數(shù)名詞(單數(shù))；

(2)________+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞(單數(shù))。

下列情況下很可能填定冠詞 ：

(1)________ (+定語)+名詞+ of等介詞短語(表示特指)；

(2)________ (+定語)+名詞+定語從句(表示特指)；

(3)________ (+定語)+名詞+不定式短語或分詞短語(表示特指)。

范例1.Once there were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed ___the____ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.

范例2.When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was __a__ shy , nervous perfectionist.

范例3. …the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometers away.

考點(diǎn)二：介詞

考查語法點(diǎn):

介詞的基本用法及慣用搭配· 無提示詞：注意搭配問題

解題技巧：

1、 與名詞連用構(gòu)成介賓短語擔(dān)任表語、狀語,補(bǔ)語等

2、與不及物動詞構(gòu)成動詞短語接賓語

范例1.In short, I believe that it is __of__ great use to keep a dairy in English…

范例2.When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back__ at

_the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic smile I had ever seen.

范例3.She found some good quality pipes__on_ sale.

范例4.He was very tired _from/after_ doing this for a whole day…

考點(diǎn)三：代詞

考查語法點(diǎn):

代詞的基本用法

解題技巧：

因句子的主語或賓語主要由名詞、代詞、動名詞等充當(dāng)，而名詞、動名詞通常會放在有提示詞的空格中考查，所以純空格所填詞在句子中作主語或賓語時(shí)，通常填代詞，包括人稱代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、名詞性物主代詞、疑問代詞、反身代詞(不能作主語)等。

在名詞前作定語就只能用形容詞性物主代詞了。

范例1.She remembered how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.

范例2.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _her_ .

范例3.It has been said before, but experiencing it myself has made _me_ want to say it again: a smile…

考點(diǎn)四：并列連詞或從屬連詞

考查語法點(diǎn):

各類復(fù)合句中從屬連詞的用法

解題技巧：

(1)連接兩個(gè)功能對等的單詞或短語時(shí)，應(yīng)填并列連詞and, or, but，so，for，either…or…等。

(2)若兩個(gè)句子(有兩個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu))之間，沒有句號或分號，也沒有并列連詞，那空格處必定是填從屬連詞，否則，句子結(jié)構(gòu)就不完整。

根據(jù)兩句之間的意義和邏輯關(guān)系，或者根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)，確定是并列句(多要求考生填and, but, or so，for，either…or…等)還是某種主從復(fù)合句。然后根據(jù)各類從句的特點(diǎn)，結(jié)合連接詞的意義和用法，確定填具體的某個(gè)連詞。

范例1.Historically, it was famous for industry, which explains why the area is called the Black Country.

范例2.It got its name during the industrial revolution, when factory pollution turned the local sky black and local dust from the mines made the soil the same color.

范例3.Jane paused in front of a counter where some attractive ties were on display.

范例4. One day, he came up with an idea thathe would pluck up all of his crop a few inches

考點(diǎn)五：謂語動詞

考查語法點(diǎn):

謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài)及語態(tài), 及主謂一致

解題技巧：

1、 有提示詞

2、 與主語構(gòu)成主謂結(jié)構(gòu)

范例1.I was certain she would like it because I was told (tell)by my classmates that she loved hot food.

范例2.His fear of failure kept (keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon.

范例3.Being too anxious to help an event develop often _results_ (result) in the contrary to our intention.

考點(diǎn)六：非謂語動詞

考查語法點(diǎn):

非謂語動詞doing/done/to do等的使用

解題技巧：

1、 有提示詞

2、 ?？疾閐oing/done/to do的用法

3、作目的狀語或者在固定結(jié)構(gòu)中，一般用to do形式。

4、名詞前有 first, second,…last, only修飾時(shí)，后面要用to do 做后置定語

范例1.We must also consider the reaction of the person _ receiving(receive)the gift.

范例2.. …I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left _to complete (complete)the rest!

范例3.My pupils, Donnie __included_ (include), adored her.

范例4.Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(眉毛)raised (raise).

范例5.The young student did all that he couldto pass (pass)the examinations.

范例6. Some people say the oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely _to succeed (success.)

范例7.He is the lastto leave （ leave ） school.

范例8.She is the only person to get （ get ） the job.

考點(diǎn)七：詞性轉(zhuǎn)換

考查語法點(diǎn):

各類詞詞性的正確使用及轉(zhuǎn)化

解題技巧：

介詞、冠詞、所有格后接名詞,形容詞修飾名詞、副詞修飾形容詞副詞、動詞或整個(gè)句子

范例1.“Thirty-five cents,” she said_ rudely_ (rude).

范例2.As far as I am concerned, my_suggestion_ (suggest)is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach.

范例3.This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their_natural_ (nature)course.

范例4. Undoubtedly (doubt), although there is still room for this policy to improve, I think it is still a good one which does more good than harm to the students and the nation.

考點(diǎn)八：形容詞的級

解題技巧：

通常，有表示范圍的in /of介詞短語或形容詞前有the時(shí)，一般要用最高級；than的前面一定要用比較級

范例1.One of the_ worst_ (bad)gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher…

范例2.… We were both laughing the whole time at our complete inability to communicate in words.

When it was time to leave, I said “thank you” in Korean, using some of the few words I had learned. I felt _less lonely_ (lonely)than I had expected that night.

范例3.Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer. Critics call her one of the _greatest (great) writers of our time.